Search results for "Demand management"
showing 10 items of 12 documents
Crowd-Averse Robust Mean-Field Games: Approximation via State Space Extension
2016
We consider a population of dynamic agents, also referred to as players. The state of each player evolves according to a linear stochastic differential equation driven by a Brownian motion and under the influence of a control and an adversarial disturbance. Every player minimizes a cost functional which involves quadratic terms on state and control plus a cross-coupling mean-field term measuring the congestion resulting from the collective behavior, which motivates the term “crowd-averse.” Motivations for this model are analyzed and discussed in three main contexts: a stock market application, a production engineering example, and a dynamic demand management problem in power systems. For th…
Global Demand for Paper Products: 2006–2050
2012
Our aim is to formulate and present global demand forecasts for several paper products for the main regions of the world for the period 2005-2050. Our forecasts, while based on standard regression modeling, differ from existing ones in that they are based not only on historical observed consumption patterns and projections of economic growth, but also take into account changes in the demographic constitution of countries and regions, and incorporate the assumption that beyond certain level economic prosperity (here in terms of GDP per capita) does not translate into increased demand for paper products. Our key results are threefold. First, the demand for paperboard and hygiene products will…
Electricity demand management by optimising the use of HVAC and HWS through AMI
2017
The consumption of electricity is increasing with consistent increase in demand of electricity. Advance metering infrastructure (AMI) is a part of energy management system (EMS) that can pro-actively control the consumption of electricity by engaging with utilities for demand management in real-time. The analysis of the electricity consumption pattern of an Australian house is conducted in this study. The investigation reveals that Heat Ventilation Air conditioning (HVAC) and Hot Water System (HWS) consume approximately 50% of the total electricity consumption. Optimised utilization of these two systems efficiently using AMI can help in reduction of electricity consumption. The study also i…
Development of a Decision Support System Framework for Cultural Heritage Management
2021
Decision support systems (DSSs) have been traditionally identified as useful information technology tools in a variety of fields, including the context of cultural heritage. However, to the best of our knowledge, no prior study has developed a DSS framework that incorporates all the main decision areas simultaneously in the context of cultural heritage. We fill this gap by focusing on design-science research and specifically by developing a DSS framework whose features support all the main decision areas for the sustainable management of cultural assets in a comprehensive manner. The main decision-making areas considered in our study encompass demand management, segmentation and communicati…
Pricing method as a tool for improved price perception
2006
In the present paper, we have explored pricing methods applied to charging mobile service customers, and the influences of the charging methods on the customers’ price perceptions. The analyses are based on the empirical data collected from Finnish mobile service markets through a quantitative postal survey in 2003. Four hypotheses were tested separately in two customer segments for examining relationship of pricing methods and price perceptions, and the factors affecting to the customers’ pricing method choices. The statistical analyses provided results suggesting that charging methods have a significant effect on customers’ price perceptions. The customers’ price perceptions were found to…
On the effects of BAC systems and load control programs on the utility grid
2017
The electricity demand increasing for the comfort improvement in residential buildings is nowadays stressing the MV and LV networks in urban areas. In this framework, the Distribution System Operators (DSO) are exposed to the risk of reliability decrease and there is, earlier than expected, the issue of new and substantial investments for enhancing the network infrastructure. Nevertheless, DSOs have a very strong inclination to defer investment in new facilities in favour of more "flexible measures" for improving the life of the existing components. Solutions of this type are primarily based on demand management, i.e. activities aimed at encouraging the end-users to a different/smart electr…
Review of information and communication technologies for smart micro-grid automation
2017
The growing challenges of Smart Micro-Grid can only be met if secure and fast information and communication technology (ICT) solutions are developed. In this paper, some of the ICT techniques are reviewed for smart micro-grid automation. Firstly, an overview of the role of ICT in grid distribution is explained with respect to electricity value chain in power distribution. Further, each domain in the value chain is analyzed with respect to ICT applications in power generation, transmission, distribution and consumption. ICT stands as a prominent driving force to enhance trustworthiness, security, and productivity of the power distribution through information exchange, regulated generation, d…
A Partial Equilibrium Model of Option Markets
2000
This paper addresses the questions who is buying and who is selling options on a stock, the optimal position to hold, and how this affects the price. The individual demand functions and the equilibrium allocation are derived using an asymptotically valid expansion. Trading occurs only at discrete dates; the option does not have to complete the market. The paper also discusses the conditions under which trade results, the importance of heterogeneity for trade, when preferences become irrelevant to price options, and the case in which there is only a spanning demand, but no risk-sharing demand in options.
Rainwater harvesting in urban areas of developed countries. The state of the art (1980-2017)
2020
Many urban areas suffer from water scarcity although paradoxically, a local source such as rainwater is mostly treated as a risk rather than a valuable resource. This change of paradigm is included in the 'integrated water resources management' and 'demand management' approach. The aim of this research is to identify and analyse studies that explore subject matters concerning rainwater in the integrated management systems of water resources into developed countries. The research methodology consisted in a literature review (from the 1980s to 2017) of territorial studies that examine rainwater harvesting in urban areas of the developed countries. To this end, a bibliometric analysis has been…
Why Don't We Do What We Want? Non-Consumers and the Public Dilemma in Cultural Promotion
2005
We deal with tastes and preferences, revising the linkages between both in order to analyse the special case where we express preferences to goods that do not appeal to us. We deduce the concept of a deconstructed demand and define two types of goods (embarrassing and reputable). With the help of this structure we build a demand function for cultural promotion, where the non-market-expressed non-consumers' preferences are the basis of the demand for cultural policies. Finally, in this framework the State faces a dilemma that could be solved in different ways.